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5. Arduino IDE 整合開發環境安裝next
電路、手工具、軟體之基礎Maker知識

4. 電路接線基礎

一、電路迴路

電路要能運作，就是需要接成迴路，電池+ → 負載 → 電池-

若負載無法承受大電流，像圖中的LED，1.5V~1.7V 電流 10ma 就亮，一般 5V 用 220歐姆~1k歐姆

計算LED所需電阻：http://gc.digitw.com/Program/Resistor4LED/Resistor4LED.htm

 

若無負載....正負極直接連在一起.......

就天雷勾動地火，一發不可收拾！

 

拆裝電瓶小口訣：拆負裝正

 

二、電子元件

一都會有正負兩個接點，若是感測器，就會有三個接點，甚至是四個。

接線的時候可以依序檢查，先提供元件電源，再將訊號線接上。

 

三、電線顏色識別

一般火線(正電)使用暖色系，地線(負電)使用冷色系，訊號線就用中性的顏色，或選擇在現有的火線、地線之間的顏色。

可直接用與接線圖範例一樣的顏色，更方便電路除錯。

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未知: Array and string offset access syntax with curly braces is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /include/functions.encoding.php 列 40
未知: Array and string offset access syntax with curly braces is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /include/functions.encoding.php 列 40
未知: Array and string offset access syntax with curly braces is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /include/functions.encoding.php 列 73
未知: Function get_magic_quotes_gpc() is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /class/libraries/vendor/xoops/xmf/src/Request.php 列 505
未知: Function get_magic_quotes_gpc() is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /class/libraries/vendor/xoops/xmf/src/Request.php 列 119
未知: Function get_magic_quotes_gpc() is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /class/libraries/vendor/xoops/xmf/src/Request.php 列 505
未知: Function get_magic_quotes_gpc() is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /class/libraries/vendor/xoops/xmf/src/Request.php 列 119
未知: Function get_magic_quotes_gpc() is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /class/libraries/vendor/xoops/xmf/src/Request.php 列 119
未知: Function get_magic_quotes_gpc() is deprecated 在檔案中的第 /class/libraries/vendor/xoops/xmf/src/Request.php 列 119
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined variable: disabled 在檔案中的第 /modules/tad_book3/function.php 列 818
通知: Undefined index: bootstrap 在檔案中的第 /modules/tadtools/preloads/core.php 列 68
已棄用
資料庫語法
0.000081 - SET SQL_BIG_SELECTS = 1
0.000709 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '0' AND `conf_catid` = '1') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
0.000237 - SELECT sess_data, sess_ip FROM session WHERE sess_id = 'uvefsgqa9tqsa3nssjmql9inea'
0.000269 - SELECT * FROM modules WHERE dirname = 'tad_book3'
0.000535 - SELECT COUNT(*) FROM group_permission WHERE (`gperm_modid` = '1' AND (`gperm_groupid` = '3') AND `gperm_name` = 'module_read' AND `gperm_itemid` = '9')
0.000333 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '9') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
0.000453 - select a.tbsn,a.title,b.author,a.category,a.page,a.paragraph,a.sort from tad_book3_docs as a left join tad_book3 as b on a.tbsn=b.tbsn where a.tbdsn='33'
0.000214 - SELECT tbsn,title FROM tad_book3 ORDER BY sort
0.000639 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '0' AND `conf_catid` = '5') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
0.000249 - SELECT COUNT(*) FROM banner
0.000154 - SELECT * FROM banner LIMIT 2, 1
0.003623 - UPDATE banner SET impmade = 1275145 WHERE bid = 3
0.000392 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '0' AND `conf_catid` = '3') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
0.001294 - SELECT DISTINCT gperm_itemid FROM group_permission WHERE gperm_name = 'block_read' AND gperm_modid = 1 AND gperm_groupid IN (3)
0.001007 - SELECT b.* FROM newblocks b, block_module_link m WHERE m.block_id=b.bid AND b.isactive=1 AND b.visible=1 AND m.module_id IN (0,9) AND b.bid IN (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,18,15,16,20,19,58,60,61,73,72,74,71,76,75,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,111,109,110,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123) ORDER BY b.weight, m.block_id
0.000856 - SELECT f.*, s.tpl_source FROM tplfile f LEFT JOIN tplsource s ON s.tpl_id=f.tpl_id WHERE (`tpl_tplset` = 'default' AND `tpl_file` = 'system_block_search.tpl') ORDER BY tpl_refid
0.003721 - update tad_book3_docs set `count` = `count`+1 where tbdsn='33'
0.000277 - select * from tad_book3_docs where tbdsn='33'
0.000161 - select * from tad_book3 where tbsn='5'
0.000261 - select mid from modules where dirname='tad_book3'
0.000560 - desc `tad_book3_data_center` `sort`
0.000228 - select `col_sn`,`data_name`,`data_sort`, `data_value` from `tad_book3_data_center` where `mid`= '9' and `col_name`='read_tbdsn_date' and `col_sn`='33' order by `sort` , `data_sort`
0.001376 - select tbdsn,title,content,category,page,paragraph,sort,enable,uid,from_tbdsn from tad_book3_docs where tbsn='5' and `enable`='1' order by category,page,paragraph,sort
0.001045 - select tbdsn,title,category,page,paragraph,sort from tad_book3_docs where tbsn='5' and (`content` != '' or `from_tbdsn` != 0) and enable='1' order by category,page,paragraph,sort
0.000277 - SELECT * FROM modules WHERE dirname = 'tadtools'
0.000320 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '4') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
0.000177 - select mid from modules where dirname='tad_book3'
0.000439 - desc `tad_book3_data_center` `sort`
0.000208 - select `col_sn`,`data_name`,`data_sort`, `data_value` from `tad_book3_data_center` where `mid`= '9' and `col_name`='video_tbdsn_date' and `col_sn`='33' order by `sort` , `data_sort`
0.000299 - select groupid,name from groups
0.000421 - select * from `tad_book3_files_center` where `col_name`='mp4' and `col_sn`='33' and `kind`='file' order by sort limit 0,1
0.000353 - select `tt_theme`,`tt_use_bootstrap`,`tt_bootstrap_color`,`tt_theme_kind` from `tadtools_setup` where `tt_theme`='school2015'
0.000516 - SELECT f.*, s.tpl_source FROM tplfile f LEFT JOIN tplsource s ON s.tpl_id=f.tpl_id WHERE (`tpl_tplset` = 'default' AND `tpl_file` = 'tadbook3_index.tpl') ORDER BY tpl_refid
0.000250 - SELECT * FROM modules WHERE dirname = 'tad_themes'
0.000356 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '3') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
0.000195 - select `tt_bootstrap_color` from tadtools_setup where `tt_theme`='school2015'
0.000356 - select * from tad_themes where `theme_name`='school2015'
0.000223 - select conf_value from config where conf_title ='_MD_AM_DEBUGMODE'
0.000304 - select * from tad_themes_blocks where `theme_id`='7'
0.000188 - select mid from modules where dirname='tad_themes'
0.000514 - desc `tad_themes_data_center` `sort`
0.000147 - select `col_sn`,`data_name`,`data_sort`, `data_value` from `tad_themes_data_center` where `mid`= '3' and `col_name`='theme_id' and `col_sn`='7' order by `sort` , `data_sort`
0.000224 - select conf_value from config where conf_name ='allow_register'
0.000328 - select `mid`, `name`, `dirname` from modules where isactive='1' and hasmain='1' and weight!=0 order by weight
0.000177 - SELECT * FROM modules WHERE dirname = 'tad_blocks'
0.000205 - select conf_value from config where conf_title ='_MD_AM_DEBUGMODE'
0.000202 - select count(*) from priv_msgs where `to_userid` ='0' and `read_msg`=0 group by `to_userid`
0.000374 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='0' and status='1' order by position
0.000170 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='11' and status='1' order by position
0.000169 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='14' and status='1' order by position
0.000146 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='15' and status='1' order by position
0.000162 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='17' and status='1' order by position
0.000142 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='16' and status='1' order by position
0.000139 - select `menuid`, `itemname`, `itemurl`, `target`, `icon`, `link_cate_name`, `link_cate_sn`, `read_group` from tad_themes_menu where of_level='18' and status='1' order by position
0.000428 - select a.* from tad_themes_files_center as a left join tad_themes as b on a.col_sn=b.theme_id where a.`col_name`='slide' and b.`theme_name`='school2015'
0.000244 - SELECT * FROM modules WHERE dirname = 'tad_login'
0.000380 - SELECT * FROM config WHERE (`conf_modid` = '14') ORDER BY conf_order ASC
總計: 57
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總計: 1
額外資訊
包含檔案: 204 檔案
使用記憶體: 6951376 bytes
計時
XOOPS 使用 0.132 秒來載入。
XOOPS Boot 使用 0.028 秒來載入。
Module init 使用 0.008 秒來載入。
XOOPS output init 使用 0.039 秒來載入。
Module display 使用 0.029 秒來載入。
Page rendering 使用 0.026 秒來載入。