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「Play ESP-01 with Arduino」目錄
MarkDown
2. ESP-01+Line打造簡易保全系統
使用環境
1. 牛刀小試~點亮LED
2. ESP-01+Line打造簡易保全系統
3. 搭配LCD1602_I2C製作網路時鐘
4. PM2.5感測器精簡版
4-1 為PM2.5感測器增加液晶顯示
5. 手機APP [Blynk] 操控ESP-01
7. 參考資料
4. PM2.5感測器精簡版
Play ESP-01 with Arduino ======================== ### 器材準備  LCD1602加上I2C模塊後,只需要佔用兩個IO,(SDA與SCL),剛好可用在ESP-01上,露天拍賣價格一組約100元上下,(若LCD1602跟I2C轉接板分開買再自己焊接會更便宜,大概70元左右)  LCD1602\_I2C在arduino已有LiquidCrystal\_I2C函式庫可用,不過在ESP-01上面並不適用,GOOGLE一下網路上已有大德改寫完成,網址如下: https://github.com/agnunez/ESP8266-I2C-LCD1602 請先下載函式庫解壓到arduino底下的library資料夾,命名為LiquidCrystal\_I2C 裡面附了範例程式,先打開arduino主程式,從檔案>>範例>>LiquidCrystal\_I2C>>ESP8266I2CLCD  範例程式如下:其中較重要的說明是SDA接到ESP-01的GPIO0;SCL接到GPIO2 ``` <pre class="brush:as3;"> // ESP8266 with 16x2 i2c LCD // Compatible with the Arduino IDE 1.6.6 // Library https://github.com/agnunez/ESP8266-I2C-LCD1602 // Original Library https://github.com/fdebrabander/Arduino-LiquidCrystal-I2C-library // Modified for ESP8266 with GPIO0-SDA GPIO2-SCL and LCD1206 display // edit library and change Wire.begin() by Wire.begin(sda,scl) or other GPIO's used for I2C // and access from lcd.begin(sda,scl) #include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> #include <Wire.h> LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2); // Check I2C address of LCD, normally 0x27 or 0x3F uint8_t heart[8] = {0x0,0xa,0x1f,0x1f,0xe,0x4,0x0}; // example sprite bitmap void setup() { lcd.begin(0,2); // In ESP8266-01, SDA=0, SCL=2 lcd.backlight(); lcd.createChar(1, heart); } void loop() { lcd.home(); // At column=0, row=0 lcd.print("ESP8266"); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("LiquidCrystalI2C"); delay(500); lcd.setCursor(10, 0); // At column=10, row=0 lcd.write(byte(1)); delay(500); lcd.setCursor(10, 0); // At column=10, row=0 lcd.print(" "); // Wipe sprite } ``` 再來,開啟另外一個範例程式,檔案>>範例>>ESP8266WIFI>>NTPClient,這是ESP8266取得網路時間的範例檔  程式內容如下:範例是使用電腦序列埠來顯示時間,不過我們這裡是把ESP-01當作主控板,並不會連接到電腦,所以底下那一堆serial.print()都要刪掉,改用lcd.print() ``` <pre class="brush:as3;"> /* Udp NTP Client Get the time from a Network Time Protocol (NTP) time server Demonstrates use of UDP sendPacket and ReceivePacket For more on NTP time servers and the messages needed to communicate with them, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol created 4 Sep 2010 by Michael Margolis modified 9 Apr 2012 by Tom Igoe updated for the ESP8266 12 Apr 2015 by Ivan Grokhotkov This code is in the public domain. */ #include <ESP8266WiFi.h> #include <WiFiUdp.h> char ssid[] = "*************"; // your network SSID (name) char pass[] = "********"; // your network password unsigned int localPort = 2390; // local port to listen for UDP packets /* Don't hardwire the IP address or we won't get the benefits of the pool. * Lookup the IP address for the host name instead */ //IPAddress timeServer(129, 6, 15, 28); // time.nist.gov NTP server IPAddress timeServerIP; // time.nist.gov NTP server address const char* ntpServerName = "time.nist.gov"; const int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48; // NTP time stamp is in the first 48 bytes of the message byte packetBuffer[ NTP_PACKET_SIZE]; //buffer to hold incoming and outgoing packets // A UDP instance to let us send and receive packets over UDP WiFiUDP udp; void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); Serial.println(); Serial.println(); // We start by connecting to a WiFi network Serial.print("Connecting to "); Serial.println(ssid); WiFi.begin(ssid, pass); while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { delay(500); Serial.print("."); } Serial.println(""); Serial.println("WiFi connected"); Serial.println("IP address: "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); Serial.println("Starting UDP"); udp.begin(localPort); Serial.print("Local port: "); Serial.println(udp.localPort()); } void loop() { //get a random server from the pool WiFi.hostByName(ntpServerName, timeServerIP); sendNTPpacket(timeServerIP); // send an NTP packet to a time server // wait to see if a reply is available delay(1000); int cb = udp.parsePacket(); if (!cb) { Serial.println("no packet yet"); } else { Serial.print("packet received, length="); Serial.println(cb); // We've received a packet, read the data from it udp.read(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // read the packet into the buffer //the timestamp starts at byte 40 of the received packet and is four bytes, // or two words, long. First, esxtract the two words: unsigned long highWord = word(packetBuffer[40], packetBuffer[41]); unsigned long lowWord = word(packetBuffer[42], packetBuffer[43]); // combine the four bytes (two words) into a long integer // this is NTP time (seconds since Jan 1 1900): unsigned long secsSince1900 = highWord << 16 | lowWord; Serial.print("Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = " ); Serial.println(secsSince1900); // now convert NTP time into everyday time: Serial.print("Unix time = "); // Unix time starts on Jan 1 1970. In seconds, that's 2208988800: const unsigned long seventyYears = 2208988800UL; // subtract seventy years: unsigned long epoch = secsSince1900 - seventyYears; // print Unix time: Serial.println(epoch); // print the hour, minute and second: Serial.print("The UTC time is "); // UTC is the time at Greenwich Meridian (GMT) Serial.print((epoch % 86400L) / 3600); // print the hour (86400 equals secs per day) Serial.print(':'); if ( ((epoch % 3600) / 60) < 10 ) { // In the first 10 minutes of each hour, we'll want a leading '0' Serial.print('0'); } Serial.print((epoch % 3600) / 60); // print the minute (3600 equals secs per minute) Serial.print(':'); if ( (epoch % 60) < 10 ) { // In the first 10 seconds of each minute, we'll want a leading '0' Serial.print('0'); } Serial.println(epoch % 60); // print the second } // wait ten seconds before asking for the time again delay(10000); } // send an NTP request to the time server at the given address unsigned long sendNTPpacket(IPAddress& address) { Serial.println("sending NTP packet..."); // set all bytes in the buffer to 0 memset(packetBuffer, 0, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // Initialize values needed to form NTP request // (see URL above for details on the packets) packetBuffer[0] = 0b11100011; // LI, Version, Mode packetBuffer[1] = 0; // Stratum, or type of clock packetBuffer[2] = 6; // Polling Interval packetBuffer[3] = 0xEC; // Peer Clock Precision // 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion packetBuffer[12] = 49; packetBuffer[13] = 0x4E; packetBuffer[14] = 49; packetBuffer[15] = 52; // all NTP fields have been given values, now // you can send a packet requesting a timestamp: udp.beginPacket(address, 123); //NTP requests are to port 123 udp.write(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); udp.endPacket(); } ``` ### 編輯Arduino程式 自己寫程式功力不行,改別人的程式會一點點,所以綜合上面兩個範例,摻在一起作撒尿牛丸了~~ ``` <pre class="brush:as3;"> #include <ESP8266WiFi.h> #include <WiFiUdp.h> #include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> #include <Wire.h> LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27,16,2); // Check I2C address of LCD, normally 0x27 or 0x3F char ssid[] = "無線網路SSID"; // your network SSID (name) char pass[] = "無線網路密碼"; // your network password unsigned int localPort = 2390; // local port to listen for UDP packets IPAddress timeServerIP; // time.nist.gov NTP server address const char* ntpServerName = "time.nist.gov"; const int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48; // NTP time stamp is in the first 48 bytes of the message byte packetBuffer[ NTP_PACKET_SIZE]; //buffer to hold incoming and outgoing packets // A UDP instance to let us send and receive packets over UDP WiFiUDP udp; void setup() { lcd.begin(0,2); // In ESP8266-01, SDA=0, SCL=2 lcd.backlight(); WiFi.begin(ssid, pass); udp.begin(localPort); } void loop() { //get a random server from the pool WiFi.hostByName(ntpServerName, timeServerIP); sendNTPpacket(timeServerIP); // send an NTP packet to a time server // wait to see if a reply is available delay(1000); udp.parsePacket(); // We've received a packet, read the data from it udp.read(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // read the packet into the buffer //the timestamp starts at byte 40 of the received packet and is four bytes, // or two words, long. First, esxtract the two words: unsigned long highWord = word(packetBuffer[40], packetBuffer[41]); unsigned long lowWord = word(packetBuffer[42], packetBuffer[43]); // combine the four bytes (two words) into a long integer // this is NTP time (seconds since Jan 1 1900): unsigned long secsSince1900 = highWord << 16 | lowWord; // now convert NTP time into everyday time: // Unix time starts on Jan 1 1970. In seconds, that's 2208988800: const unsigned long seventyYears = 2208988800UL; // subtract seventy years: unsigned long epoch = secsSince1900 - seventyYears; lcd.clear(); // print the hour, minute and second: lcd.print("UTC+8 time is "); // UTC is the time at Greenwich Meridian (GMT) lcd.setCursor(0,1); lcd.print(((epoch % 86400L ) / 3600) + 8 ); // print the hour (86400 equals secs per day) lcd.print(':'); if ( ((epoch % 3600) / 60) < 10 ) { // In the first 10 minutes of each hour, we'll want a leading '0' lcd.print('0'); } lcd.print((epoch % 3600) / 60); // print the minute (3600 equals secs per minute) lcd.print(':'); if ( (epoch % 60) < 10 ) { // In the first 10 seconds of each minute, we'll want a leading '0' lcd.print('0'); } lcd.print(epoch % 60); // print the second // wait ten seconds before asking for the time again delay(9000); } // send an NTP request to the time server at the given address unsigned long sendNTPpacket(IPAddress& address) { //Serial.println("sending NTP packet..."); // set all bytes in the buffer to 0 memset(packetBuffer, 0, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // Initialize values needed to form NTP request // (see URL above for details on the packets) packetBuffer[0] = 0b11100011; // LI, Version, Mode packetBuffer[1] = 0; // Stratum, or type of clock packetBuffer[2] = 6; // Polling Interval packetBuffer[3] = 0xEC; // Peer Clock Precision // 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion packetBuffer[12] = 49; packetBuffer[13] = 0x4E; packetBuffer[14] = 49; packetBuffer[15] = 52; // all NTP fields have been given values, now // you can send a packet requesting a timestamp: udp.beginPacket(address, 123); //NTP requests are to port 123 udp.write(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); udp.endPacket(); } ``` 把上述程式內容修改無線網路部份後,上傳到ESP-01,(詳細上傳方式請參閱第1章),接著開始來接線了 ### 電路接線圖 本範例的LCD1602模塊電壓是5V,市面上賣的也有3.3V的版本(比5V貴一點點),接上電源時請先確認您的是5V還是3.3V 接好線路,插上變壓器,若網路連線沒問題等待幾秒即會在螢幕上顯示目前時間了 
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2. ESP-01+Line打造簡易保全系統
